Fundraising event compliance is an often-overlooked yet essential aspect of raising money for your school. Learn the essential compliance requirements here.

Summary
• Keep your donors happy and protected by clearly stating the Fair Market Value (FMV) of any gifts or services they receive at events; this ensures their tax deductions are accurate and builds lasting trust for future campaigns.
• Before launching your next fundraising event or online appeal, always confirm if your institution needs to register for charitable solicitations in every state where you're asking for donations, as failing to do so can lead to big fines and reputational damage.
• Be aware of Unrelated Business Income Tax (UBIT) for activities that regularly generate revenue not directly tied to your educational mission; if you hit certain thresholds, you'll need to file extra paperwork to stay compliant.
• Don't let local regulations derail your event success; make sure you secure all necessary state and local permits for activities like raffles, auctions, or games of chance to avoid an embarrassing shutdown and protect your alumni engagement efforts.
• Proper record-keeping and timely, detailed donor acknowledgments for contributions over $250 are non-negotiable; this not only helps donors with their taxes but also reinforces their loyalty and trust in your institution.
• If navigating these complex compliance rules feels overwhelming, consider bringing in a compliance expert, which can free up your advancement team to focus purely on building relationships and driving your fundraising mission forward.
From annual galas to class reunions, there are numerous benefits to hosting events for alumni, parents, and other members of your school’s community. These fundraisers are mission-critical, generating the vital resources necessary to move your institution forward.
However, high engagement and an influx of fundraising dollars can easily overshadow a non-negotiable element of event planning: compliance.
Fundraising event compliance is a fundamental infrastructure that protects your school and strengthens donor trust. Not to mention, the consequences of failing to properly manage the legal and tax requirements of a fundraising event can be severe.
This guide details the core compliance pillars that your fundraising officers must prioritize for successful events.
Charitable solicitations registration is the foundational state-level requirement for nearly every nonprofit organization that solicits funds from the public. Registration is required in approximately 40 states, and organizations must register in every state where they conduct fundraising activities.
The registration process varies from state to state. For example, in Pennsylvania, educational organizations are exempt from registration if they meet specific criteria. Alaska, however, does not offer exemptions for educational institutions.
If your school’s state (or any state in which you’re fundraising) requires registration, the regulation likely applies to any solicitation activity targeting the state’s residents. According to Foundation Group, virtually all forms of revenue generation trigger a registration requirement. This can include:
While the rules for educational exemptions are inconsistent and often conditional, assuming an automatic exemption is a high-risk liability. Failure to secure and maintain registration—or proof of exemption—means the institution is soliciting illegally in that state.
The ramifications of non-compliance are serious. A state regulator can issue cease-and-desist orders, levy substantial fines and late fees, and, in extreme cases, demand the return of all funds raised illegally within their jurisdiction. For development officers charged with protecting alumni relationships and institutional reputation, the potential legal exposure and public scrutiny are not worth the administrative shortcut.
Tax-exempt status does not equate to tax immunity. Fundraising events are often subject to Unrelated Business Income Tax (UBIT) if they regularly generate revenue from activities that are not substantially related to the institution’s educational purpose.
Any tax-exempt organization that generates gross unrelated business income (UBI) of $1,000 or more during its fiscal year must file IRS Form 990-T. This form reports UBI to the IRS and indicates any tax due.
Educational institutions can determine whether a fundraising activity is subject to UBIT by considering:
Keep in mind that Form 990-T doesn’t take the place of an organization’s annual Form 990 filing—it supplements it. Failing to file both can result in severe penalties, such as having your 501(c)(3) status revoked.
It’s important to note that not all product sales are considered UBI. See the image below for examples of products your school can sell:

The best way to ensure your school adheres to tax regulations surrounding product sales is to prioritize detailed recordkeeping. Sales data, such as total revenue generated and fundraising expenses, is crucial in determining whether the income qualifies as UBI.
The final layer of event compliance involves managing local-level rules that directly affect the donor experience and the legality of the event itself. This includes securing the necessary permits for games and auctions, as well as properly calculating how much a donor can deduct from their taxes.
Beyond federal tax and state charitable solicitation laws, fundraising activities involving games of chance are regulated heavily at the state and local levels. Raffles, lotteries, poker tournaments, and even certain types of silent auctions may be considered illegal gambling unless the nonprofit has secured specific state licenses or local permits.
Many jurisdictions require educational organizations to obtain a separate permit for each game of chance, often with a strict cap on the prize value or the frequency of the game. Local authorities can shut down an event in progress for lack of proper permits, creating a highly damaging public relations crisis for the institution and exposing event organizers to personal liability.
Every fundraising event that provides something of tangible value to the donor—a gift card, a round of golf, a seat at a performance—is considered a quid pro quo transaction. Fundraisers are obligated to inform donors exactly what portion of their payment is a deductible contribution and what portion represents the Fair Market Value (FMV) of the goods or services received.
For example, if an auction ticket costs $100, but the event includes a dinner that typically sells for $25, then only the $75 excess contribution is tax-deductible. Careful bookkeeping for nonprofits is critical for accurately calculating FMV and reporting it to donors.
The IRS requires organizations to provide a written acknowledgment for any contribution of $250 or more that includes the following information:
Incorrectly stating the FMV or neglecting to provide proper receipts places the burden of proof on the donor in an IRS audit. This can directly damage the relationship and trust your fundraising team has worked so hard to build, ultimately sacrificing your chances of retaining donors for future fundraisers.
Effective fundraising is built on a foundation of operational excellence, and compliance is the most essential element of that operation. With the right strategy and expertise, your school can achieve successful fundraising and capacity building.
Many organizations benefit from the expertise of compliance experts who specialize in the nonprofit regulatory environment. These professionals handle the painstaking administrative and legal requirements of compliance, allowing development officers to focus entirely on their mission.
Subscribe
See how modern advancement teams bring alumni engagement and fundraising together.
Plan faster. Execute better
Explore free templates designed for alumni and fundraising teams.